Rubik's Cube benchmark results

Prompt: “A valid scrambled standard 3x3 Rubik's Cube on a #7f7f7f background”

Backend fal, runware · 10 images per model · seeds random · extractor vision · evaluator 0.7.0 · run started 2026-10-20T20:51:20.876532+00:00 · scored 2026-10-20 21:03:30 UTC

Made with RubiksBench 0.7.0: the benchmark's code, method and how to run it.

Scores

Validity says how close an image comes to a valid, scrambled, standard 3x3 cube: the fewest stickers you would have to recolor to get one (plus any sticker no recoloring fixes, such as one with letters or two colors). 100% is a valid cube, and every 2.2 stickers to fix halve the score, so a cube that still fools someone never reaches 0%. Coloring the stickers at random lands at 25% (it needs about 4.4 recolorings, because the three hidden faces leave a lot of freedom). A barely scrambled cube or a designed pattern is held in slightly less regard: its validity is multiplied by a scramble factor between 95% and 100%. 0% is for images that fool no one: not read as a 3x3 cube, not scrambled at all, or with a flaw anyone sees at a glance.

Who it fools says who would be taken in by each image: every failed check is one that anyone, at a glance, anyone who has held a cube, a cuber looking carefully or only a solver would notice, and an image fools everyone below the first who notices. An image that passes every check fools everyone.

The rubric explains what is wrong: up to 17 points, 1 per check passed, ½ when inconclusive, 0 when failed or blocked (see Checks). An image passes only if it passes all checks. Scores are over generated images; requests that returned no image are counted separately as generation errors.

Model	Validity	Rubric	Images	Cost
Reference photos (real cubes) reference `real photo`	100% 100%–100%	17.0/17	3 3 passed	– 0s each
Qwen-Image-3.0 `alibaba:qwen-image@3.0`	48% 36%–60%	12.4/17	10 0 passed	$0.300 66s each
Grok Imagine Image 2.0 `xai:grok-imagine@image-2.0`	42% 30%–55%	11.6/17	10 0 passed	$0.600 76s each
Qwen-Image-3.0-Pro `alibaba:qwen-image@3.0-pro`	41% 31%–52%	12.4/17	10 0 passed	$0.400 53s each
Krea 3 `krea/v3/text-to-image`	41% 31%–51%	12.4/17	10 0 passed	– 20s each
Nano Banana 2.1 `google:nano-banana@2.1`	39% 33%–45%	11.4/17	10 0 passed	$0.336 13s each
GPT Image 2 `openai:gpt-image@2`	38% 32%–44%	11.3/17	10 0 passed	$0.060 19s each
FLUX 3 Image `bfl:flux@3-image`	37% 17%–57%	9.8/17	10 0 passed	$0.480 55s each
FLUX.2 [pro] `bfl:5@1`	36% 29%–44%	10.8/17	10 0 passed	$0.300 11s each
Nano Banana 2 (Gemini 3.1 Flash Image) `google:4@3`	36% 27%–44%	11.5/17	10 0 passed	$0.690 14s each
Seedream 5.0 Pro `bytedance:seedream@5.0-pro`	32% 22%–41%	11.1/17	10 0 passed	$0.481 39s each
GPT-Image-2.5 Flare `openai:gpt-image@2.5-flare`	29% 24%–35%	11.2/17	10 0 passed	$0.060 13s each
Nano Banana Pro `google:4@2`	29% 17%–41%	9.5/17	10 0 passed	$1.380 32s each
Luma UNI-1 `luma:uni@1`	29% 22%–36%	11.2/17	10 0 passed	$0.404 93s each
Krea 2 Large `krea:krea@2-large`	29% 20%–37%	10.7/17	10 0 passed	$0.600 42s each
Ideogram 4.5 `ideogram:4.5@0`	28% 18%–37%	9.8/17	10 0 passed	$2.000 13s each
Seedream 5.0 Flash `bytedance:seedream@5.0-flash`	26% 18%–35%	10.7/17	10 0 passed	$0.193 19s each
GPT-Image-2.5 Sunburst `openai:gpt-image@2.5-sunburst`	25% 20%–30%	11.0/17	10 0 passed	$0.060 18s each
HiDream O1 `fal-ai/hidream-o1-image`	22% 19%–25%	10.4/17	10 0 passed	– 22s each
FLUX.2 [dev] `runware:400@1`	21% 16%–27%	10.2/17	10 0 passed	$0.120 7s each
Kling IMAGE O3 `klingai:kling-image@o3`	21% 12%–30%	8.2/17	10 0 passed	$0.280 29s each
Kling IMAGE 3.0 `klingai:kling-image@3`	17% 8.1%–27%	7.8/17	10 0 passed	$0.280 35s each
MOSS-Image `fal-ai/moss-image`	17% 9.5%–25%	9.1/17	10 0 passed	– 20s each
ERNIE-Image-Turbo `baidu:ernie-image@turbo`	13% 7.2%–20%	9.4/17	10 0 passed	$0.043 28s each
ERNIE-Image `baidu:ernie-image@0`	12% 4.0%–20%	6.1/17	10 0 passed	$0.206 38s each
Z-Image `runware:z-image@0`	12% 0.8%–23%	9.2/17	10 0 passed	$0.099 21s each
Recraft V4.1 `recraft:v4.1@0`	11% 1.3%–21%	9.2/17	10 0 passed	$0.350 8s each
MiniMax image-01 `fal-ai/minimax/image-01`	10% 1.7%–19%	6.1/17	10 0 passed	– 28s each
Seedream 5.0 Lite `bytedance:seedream@5.0-lite`	10% 4.4%–16%	7.2/17	10 0 passed	$0.350 52s each
Ideogram 4.0 `ideogram:4@0`	9.4% 1.5%–17%	5.7/17	10 0 passed	$0.600 18s each
Luma Photon `fal-ai/luma-photon`	8.9% 0%–19%	6.4/17	10 0 passed	– 19s each
Hunyuan Image 3.0 `fal-ai/hunyuan-image/v3/text-to-image`	6.9% 0%–18%	3.9/17	10 0 passed	– 20s each
Stable Diffusion 3.5 Large `fal-ai/stable-diffusion-v35-large`	6.2% 0%–17%	4.3/17	10 0 passed	– 12s each
Recraft V4.1 Flash `recraft:v4.1@flash`	5.1% 0%–10%	6.9/17	10 0 passed	$0.070 3s each
Bria FIBO `bria:20@1`	4.2% 0%–10%	3.8/17	10 0 passed	$0.400 14s each
Z-Image-Turbo `runware:z-image@turbo`	2.7% 0.8%–4.6%	8.2/17	10 0 passed	$0.022 5s each
HiDream-I1 Full `runware:97@1`	2.7% 0%–6.2%	3.5/17	10 0 passed	$0.238 16s each
FLUX 3 Image Klein `bfl:flux@3-image-klein`	0% 0%–0%	4.2/17	10 0 passed	$0.060 6s each

fools no onefools a casual viewerfools a cube ownerfools a cuberfools everyonenot fully checked

Valid (standard)Valid (non-standard)InvalidInconclusiveGeneration failed

Points per check

Share of the available points each model earned on each check. A check that cannot be decided (e.g. sticker colors on a face that is not 3x3) is blocked and scores 0.

Model	1. Cube detected	2. Cube shape	3. 3x3 grid	4. Cubies in place	5. Plain stickers	6. Single-colored stickers	7. At most six colors	8. One shade per color	9. Standard palette	10. Standard color pairs	11. Scrambled	12. Distinct centers	13. Standard center order	14. Possible pieces	15. Unique pieces	16. Solvable	17. Solvable (standard)
Reference photos (real cubes)	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
Qwen-Image-3.0	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	40%	90%	100%	90%	20%	0%	0%	0%
Grok Imagine Image 2.0	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	30%	100%	90%	20%	20%	0%	0%	0%
Qwen-Image-3.0-Pro	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	40%	100%	100%	80%	20%	0%	0%	0%
Krea 3	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	50%	100%	100%	60%	10%	10%	10%	0%
Nano Banana 2.1	100%	100%	100%	90%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	40%	100%	60%	20%	10%	10%	10%	0%
GPT Image 2	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	20%	100%	70%	40%	0%	0%	0%	0%
FLUX 3 Image	100%	100%	80%	80%	80%	80%	80%	80%	70%	30%	60%	60%	10%	20%	20%	20%	10%
FLUX.2 [pro]	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	10%	100%	40%	30%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Nano Banana 2 (Gemini 3.1 Flash Image)	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	10%	90%	70%	20%	40%	10%	10%	0%
Seedream 5.0 Pro	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	80%	100%	20%	100%	80%	10%	20%	0%	0%	0%
GPT-Image-2.5 Flare	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	20%	100%	70%	0%	10%	10%	10%	0%
Nano Banana Pro	100%	90%	90%	80%	80%	80%	80%	80%	80%	10%	80%	70%	30%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Luma UNI-1	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	95%	100%	95%	30%	100%	70%	10%	25%	0%	0%	0%
Krea 2 Large	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	90%	100%	20%	90%	60%	10%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Ideogram 4.5	100%	100%	90%	90%	90%	90%	90%	90%	90%	0%	90%	40%	20%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Seedream 5.0 Flash	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	10%	80%	60%	20%	0%	0%	0%	0%
GPT-Image-2.5 Sunburst	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	10%	100%	60%	20%	10%	0%	0%	0%
HiDream O1	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	80%	100%	20%	100%	40%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
FLUX.2 [dev]	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	80%	100%	30%	100%	10%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Kling IMAGE O3	100%	90%	85%	70%	70%	70%	70%	70%	70%	10%	70%	40%	0%	10%	0%	0%	0%
Kling IMAGE 3.0	100%	90%	80%	70%	70%	70%	70%	40%	70%	10%	70%	40%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
MOSS-Image	100%	95%	80%	80%	80%	80%	80%	80%	80%	20%	80%	40%	0%	10%	0%	0%	0%
ERNIE-Image-Turbo	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	80%	30%	80%	20%	70%	50%	0%	10%	0%	0%	0%
ERNIE-Image	100%	100%	50%	50%	50%	50%	50%	40%	50%	0%	30%	30%	10%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Z-Image	100%	100%	100%	90%	100%	90%	95%	80%	60%	40%	5.0%	50%	5.0%	0%	5.0%	0%	0%
Recraft V4.1	100%	100%	90%	90%	90%	90%	55%	90%	45%	50%	70%	50%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
MiniMax image-01	100%	90%	60%	50%	50%	50%	50%	20%	50%	10%	40%	30%	10%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Seedream 5.0 Lite	100%	100%	60%	60%	60%	60%	60%	40%	60%	0%	60%	50%	10%	0%	5.0%	0%	0%
Ideogram 4.0	100%	95%	50%	40%	40%	40%	40%	40%	40%	20%	40%	20%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Luma Photon	100%	100%	60%	50%	40%	40%	40%	30%	40%	20%	40%	30%	0%	30%	10%	10%	0%
Hunyuan Image 3.0	100%	85%	35%	20%	20%	20%	20%	10%	20%	10%	20%	20%	0%	10%	0%	0%	0%
Stable Diffusion 3.5 Large	100%	100%	35%	30%	30%	30%	30%	20%	30%	0%	10%	10%	0%	0%	5.0%	0%	0%
Recraft V4.1 Flash	100%	100%	70%	60%	60%	60%	55%	40%	35%	10%	40%	50%	10%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Bria FIBO	100%	100%	20%	20%	20%	20%	20%	20%	20%	15%	20%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Z-Image-Turbo	95%	100%	90%	80%	80%	80%	80%	80%	80%	30%	10%	10%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
HiDream-I1 Full	100%	80%	35%	20%	20%	20%	20%	0%	20%	0%	20%	10%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
FLUX 3 Image Klein	100%	100%	30%	30%	30%	30%	20%	20%	10%	20%	20%	10%	0%	5.0%	0%	0%	0%

Hall of Fame

The most valid generated images, one per model (real photos left out).

Show problem outlines

FLUX 3 Image #896% · 16/17

VALID_STANDARD · unseeded · extraction

Fools everyone

valid: nothing to fix · scramble ×0.96

Solution: 20 moves

D L U R2 F L B L U B R2 U R2 L2 F2 R2 D F2 L2 U

A solution, not the only one: three faces are hidden, so many cubes match this image and the solver picked one of them. Found with Kociemba's two-phase solver, so shorter solutions likely exist. View in 3D

U: a symmetric pattern
R: a symmetric pattern
F: a symmetric pattern

–

Krea 3 #073% · 16/17

VALID_NONSTANDARD · seed 1557337596 · extraction

Fools a cuber

1 sticker to fix: F3 R→O

Solution: 20 moves

D R2 D L' F2 U B U2 D F' U B2 U2 R2 D' B2 U2 L2 U' F2

A solution, not the only one: three faces are hidden, so many cubes match this image and the solver picked one of them. Found with Kociemba's two-phase solver, so shorter solutions likely exist.

impossible corner URF (W‑G‑R)

impossible_corner, no_legal_completion

Qwen-Image-3.0 #373% · 14/17

INVALID · seed 1803885995 · extraction

Fools a cube owner

1 sticker to fix: U1 Y→W

duplicate corner in UBR, DFR

duplicate_piece, impossible_corner, impossible_edge, no_legal_completion

Qwen-Image-3.0-Pro #673% · 13/17

INVALID · seed 1240137104 · extraction

Fools a casual viewer

1 sticker to fix: R1 R→Y

impossible corner URF (R‑R‑G)

impossible_corner, impossible_edge, no_legal_completion

Grok Imagine Image 2.0 #373% · 12/17

INVALID · unseeded · extraction

Fools a cube owner

1 sticker to fix: R1 W→R

opposite colors on corner URF: Y‑W
impossible corner URF (Y‑W‑B)

impossible_corner, impossible_edge, no_legal_completion

nano-banana-2-gemini-3-1-flash-image__0005

Nano Banana 2 (Gemini 3.1 Flash Image) #554% · 14/17

VALID_NONSTANDARD · seed 1116457440 · extraction

Fools a cube owner

2 stickers to fix: R2 G→R, F5 B→W

Solution: 19 moves

F2 R' U' F B L' B' U' D' R D' R2 L2 U' R2 U B2 R2 U2

A solution, not the only one: three faces are hidden, so many cubes match this image and the solver picked one of them. Found with Kociemba's two-phase solver, so shorter solutions likely exist.

opposite colors on edge UR: B‑G
opposite colors on adjacent centers U5 G and F5 B

standard_opposite_centers_adjacent

Seedream 5.0 Pro #554% · 13/17

INVALID · seed 725198087 · extraction

Fools a cube owner

2 stickers to fix: U5 W→R, R7 O→G

opposite colors on adjacent centers U5 W and R5 Y
duplicate corner in UFL, DFR

duplicate_piece, impossible_corner, impossible_edge, no_legal_completion

Hunyuan Image 3.0 #754% · 13/17

INVALID · seed 634571100 · extraction

Fools a cube owner

2 stickers to fix: U9 W→Y, F5 O→R

centers are a mirror image of the standard scheme
duplicate corner in UFL, UBR

duplicate_piece, impossible_corner, impossible_edge, no_legal_completion

Hall of Shame

The least valid images, one per model. Only images read as invalid count: an inconclusive one may be our reader's failure rather than the model's.

FLUX 3 Image Klein #90% · 2/17

INVALID · seed 1966376018 · extraction

Fools no one

not read as a 3x3 cube

U: 3x4 grid
F: 3x4 grid
R: 5x4 grid

wrong_grid_size

HiDream-I1 Full #70% · 2/17

INVALID · seed 2127475495 · extraction

Fools no one

not read as a 3x3 cube

U: 3x2 grid
F: 3x2 grid
R: 2x2 grid

wrong_grid_size

Z-Image-Turbo #10% · 2/17

INVALID · seed 1313998775 · extraction

Fools no one

not read as a 3x3 cube

R: 2x3 grid

wrong_grid_size

Bria FIBO #90% · 2/17

INVALID · seed 349466625 · extraction

Fools no one

not read as a 3x3 cube

U: 4x4 grid
F: 4x4 grid
R: 4x4 grid

wrong_grid_size

Recraft V4.1 Flash #60% · 2/17

INVALID · unseeded · extraction

Fools no one

not read as a 3x3 cube

U: 4x4 grid

wrong_grid_size

Stable Diffusion 3.5 Large #90% · 2/17

INVALID · seed 786933221 · extraction

Fools no one

not read as a 3x3 cube

F: 4x4 grid

wrong_grid_size

Hunyuan Image 3.0 #80% · 2/17

INVALID · seed 54667440 · extraction

Fools no one

not read as a 3x3 cube

U: 2x2 grid
F: 2x2 grid
R: 2x2 grid

wrong_grid_size

Luma Photon #80% · 2/17

INVALID · unseeded · extraction

Fools no one

not read as a 3x3 cube

F: 3x4 grid
R: 3x4 grid

wrong_grid_size

Samples

Each model's best image by default; show more per model, filter, or page through every attempted image below. Each card shows its validity and rubric points, and which stickers to recolor for the nearest valid cube. The squares are the 17 checks in order; hover for names. Where a failed check has a clear culprit (a duplicate center, an impossible piece, a face that is not 3x3, ...) it is outlined on the image and listed below it. Twist, flip and parity failures belong to the whole cube, so they are not outlined.

PassInconclusiveFailBlockedproblem outline

Reference photos (real cubes) #0100% · 17/17

VALID_STANDARD · real photo · extraction

Fools everyone

valid: nothing to fix

Solution: 21 moves

U' F' B2 D F2 U R' F' U2 B' L' U' F2 L2 D2 R2 B2 U' R2 L2 D2

–

FLUX 3 Image #896% · 16/17

VALID_STANDARD · unseeded · extraction

Fools everyone

valid: nothing to fix · scramble ×0.96

Solution: 20 moves

D L U R2 F L B L U B R2 U R2 L2 F2 R2 D F2 L2 U

U: a symmetric pattern
R: a symmetric pattern
F: a symmetric pattern

–

Krea 3 #073% · 16/17

VALID_NONSTANDARD · seed 1557337596 · extraction

Fools a cuber

1 sticker to fix: F3 R→O

Solution: 20 moves

D R2 D L' F2 U B U2 D F' U B2 U2 R2 D' B2 U2 L2 U' F2

A solution, not the only one: three faces are hidden, so many cubes match this image and the solver picked one of them. Found with Kociemba's two-phase solver, so shorter solutions likely exist.

impossible corner URF (W‑G‑R)

impossible_corner, no_legal_completion

Qwen-Image-3.0 #373% · 14/17

INVALID · seed 1803885995 · extraction

Fools a cube owner

1 sticker to fix: U1 Y→W

duplicate corner in UBR, DFR

duplicate_piece, impossible_corner, impossible_edge, no_legal_completion

Qwen-Image-3.0-Pro #673% · 13/17

INVALID · seed 1240137104 · extraction

Fools a casual viewer

1 sticker to fix: R1 R→Y

impossible corner URF (R‑R‑G)

impossible_corner, impossible_edge, no_legal_completion

Grok Imagine Image 2.0 #373% · 12/17

INVALID · unseeded · extraction

Fools a cube owner

1 sticker to fix: R1 W→R

opposite colors on corner URF: Y‑W
impossible corner URF (Y‑W‑B)

impossible_corner, impossible_edge, no_legal_completion

Nano Banana 2 (Gemini 3.1 Flash Image) #554% · 14/17

VALID_NONSTANDARD · seed 1116457440 · extraction

Fools a cube owner

2 stickers to fix: R2 G→R, F5 B→W

Solution: 19 moves

F2 R' U' F B L' B' U' D' R D' R2 L2 U' R2 U B2 R2 U2

A solution, not the only one: three faces are hidden, so many cubes match this image and the solver picked one of them. Found with Kociemba's two-phase solver, so shorter solutions likely exist.

opposite colors on edge UR: B‑G
opposite colors on adjacent centers U5 G and F5 B

standard_opposite_centers_adjacent

Seedream 5.0 Pro #554% · 13/17

INVALID · seed 725198087 · extraction

Fools a cube owner

2 stickers to fix: U5 W→R, R7 O→G

opposite colors on adjacent centers U5 W and R5 Y
duplicate corner in UFL, DFR

duplicate_piece, impossible_corner, impossible_edge, no_legal_completion

Nano Banana 2.1 #954% · 12/17

INVALID · seed 863308892 · extraction

Fools a casual viewer

2 stickers to fix: R3 O→W, F5 R→Y

opposite colors on adjacent centers U5 O and F5 R
impossible corner UBR (O‑O)
impossible edge FR (R‑Y)

impossible_corner, impossible_edge, no_legal_completion

GPT Image 2 #554% · 12/17

INVALID · unseeded · extraction

Fools a casual viewer

2 stickers to fix: U9 O→G, F2 B→O

opposite colors on corner URF: O‑R
impossible corner URF (O‑R‑Y)
impossible edge UF (B‑B)

duplicate_piece, impossible_corner, impossible_edge, no_legal_completion

FLUX.2 [pro] #854% · 12/17

INVALID · seed 92377022 · extraction

Fools a cube owner

2 stickers to fix: U9 W→G, F2 Y→O

opposite colors on corner URF: W‑Y
impossible corner URF (W‑R‑Y)
duplicate edge in UF, FR

duplicate_piece, impossible_corner, no_legal_completion

Nano Banana Pro #054% · 12/17

INVALID · seed 293070569 · extraction

Fools a cube owner

2 stickers to fix: U6 O→G, F3 R→O

opposite colors on edge UR: O‑R
impossible corner URF (W‑G‑R)

impossible_corner, impossible_edge, no_legal_completion

Luma UNI-1 #454% · 12/17

INVALID · unseeded · extraction

Fools a cube owner

2 stickers to fix: U5 Y→B, U9 O→W

opposite colors on corner URF: O‑R
opposite colors on adjacent centers U5 Y and R5 W

duplicate_piece, impossible_corner, impossible_edge, no_legal_completion

Ideogram 4.5 #354% · 12/17

INVALID · seed 734894363 · extraction

Fools a casual viewer

2 stickers to fix: R1 W→B, F1 W→R

opposite colors on corner URF: Y‑W
impossible corner UFL (W‑W)
impossible corner UBR (B‑O)

impossible_corner, impossible_edge, no_legal_completion

Krea 2 Large #354% · 11/17

INVALID · seed 686972054 · extraction

Fools a casual viewer

2 stickers to fix: U5 Y→G, R4 W→B

duplicate center: Y
duplicate edge in UR, FR

duplicate_centers, duplicate_piece

Seedream 5.0 Flash #452% · 11/17

INVALID · seed 904379423 · extraction

Fools a casual viewer

2 stickers to fix: R2 Y→G, F6 G→O · scramble ×0.97

U: a symmetric pattern
R: a symmetric pattern
opposite colors on edge UR: W‑Y
impossible corner URF (B‑R‑W)
impossible edge FR (G‑G)

impossible_corner, impossible_edge, no_legal_completion

GPT-Image-2.5 Sunburst #939% · 12/17

INVALID · unseeded · extraction

Fools a cube owner

3 stickers to fix: R1 O→W, F3 G→B, F6 B→G

opposite colors on corner URF: R‑O
impossible corner URF (R‑O‑G)
duplicate edge in UR, FR

duplicate_piece, impossible_corner, no_legal_completion

Kling IMAGE O3 #239% · 12/17

INVALID · seed 1851175648 · extraction

Fools a cube owner

3 stickers to fix: U5 Y→G, U7 W→B, F9 O→W

opposite colors on corner UFL: W‑Y
opposite colors on adjacent centers U5 Y and F5 W
duplicate corner in URF, DFR

duplicate_piece, impossible_corner, impossible_edge, no_legal_completion

GPT-Image-2.5 Flare #039% · 11/17

INVALID · unseeded · extraction

Fools a casual viewer

3 stickers to fix: U3 W→B, R5 O→W, F1 R→W

duplicate center: O
impossible corner UBR (W‑W)

duplicate_centers, impossible_corner

FLUX.2 [dev] #839% · 11/17

INVALID · seed 1215446033 · extraction

Fools a casual viewer

3 stickers to fix: U5 W→R, U8 R→O, R3 B→O

duplicate center: W

duplicate_centers

Kling IMAGE 3.0 #039% · 11/17

INVALID · unseeded · extraction

Fools a casual viewer

3 stickers to fix: U5 W→R, U9 B→Y, F1 R→W

opposite colors on corner UFL: O‑R
opposite colors on adjacent centers U5 W and R5 Y
impossible corner URF (B‑B‑O)

impossible_corner, impossible_edge, no_legal_completion

MOSS-Image #939% · 10/17

INVALID · seed 1391621477 · extraction

Fools a casual viewer

3 stickers to fix: R5 G→O, R7 R→W, F3 W→G

opposite colors on corner URF: Y‑W
duplicate center: G

duplicate_centers

HiDream O1 #229% · 11/17

INVALID · seed 516923614 · extraction

Fools a casual viewer

4 stickers to fix: U7 O→R, R5 Y→B, F2 B→R, F3 W→B

opposite colors on edge UF: G‑B
opposite colors on adjacent centers R5 Y and F5 W
impossible corner URF (W‑O‑W)

impossible_corner, impossible_edge, no_legal_completion

ERNIE-Image-Turbo #229% · 9/17

INVALID · seed 229737628 · extraction

Fools a casual viewer

4 stickers to fix: R5 G→R, F3 O→Y, F9 Y→B, U7 (sticker defect)

a second shade of its color on sticker U7
opposite colors on corner URF: R‑O
opposite colors on corner DFR: Y‑W
duplicate center: G

off_shade_stickers, duplicate_centers

Failure flags

Images carrying each flag (one image can carry several).

Qwen-Image-3.0: impossible_corner × 10, impossible_edge × 10, no_legal_completion × 10, duplicate_piece × 5
Grok Imagine Image 2.0: impossible_corner × 9, no_legal_completion × 9, impossible_edge × 8, duplicate_piece × 2, duplicate_centers × 1
Qwen-Image-3.0-Pro: impossible_corner × 10, impossible_edge × 10, no_legal_completion × 10, duplicate_piece × 4
Krea 3: impossible_corner × 10, no_legal_completion × 10, impossible_edge × 9, duplicate_piece × 3
Nano Banana 2.1: impossible_corner × 6, impossible_edge × 5, no_legal_completion × 5, duplicate_centers × 4, duplicate_piece × 2, cubies_out_of_place × 1, standard_chirality_invalid × 1
GPT Image 2: impossible_corner × 10, impossible_edge × 9, no_legal_completion × 7, duplicate_centers × 3, duplicate_piece × 2
FLUX 3 Image: impossible_corner × 4, no_legal_completion × 4, impossible_edge × 3, duplicate_piece × 2, duplicate_centers × 2, wrong_grid_size × 2, standard_chirality_invalid × 1
FLUX.2 [pro]: duplicate_centers × 6, impossible_corner × 5, no_legal_completion × 4, duplicate_piece × 4, impossible_edge × 3
Nano Banana 2 (Gemini 3.1 Flash Image): impossible_corner × 8, impossible_edge × 6, no_legal_completion × 6, duplicate_piece × 3, duplicate_centers × 3, standard_opposite_centers_adjacent × 1
Seedream 5.0 Pro: impossible_corner × 9, impossible_edge × 8, no_legal_completion × 8, duplicate_piece × 5, off_shade_stickers × 2, duplicate_centers × 2
GPT-Image-2.5 Flare: impossible_corner × 7, impossible_edge × 7, no_legal_completion × 6, duplicate_centers × 3, standard_opposite_centers_adjacent × 1, duplicate_piece × 1
Nano Banana Pro: impossible_corner × 7, impossible_edge × 7, no_legal_completion × 7, vision_low_confidence × 2, duplicate_piece × 1, duplicate_centers × 1
Luma UNI-1: impossible_corner × 8, impossible_edge × 6, no_legal_completion × 6, duplicate_centers × 3, duplicate_piece × 2, too_many_colors × 1
Krea 2 Large: impossible_corner × 8, impossible_edge × 7, duplicate_piece × 6, no_legal_completion × 6, duplicate_centers × 4, off_shade_stickers × 1
Ideogram 4.5: impossible_edge × 7, impossible_corner × 6, duplicate_centers × 5, no_legal_completion × 4, wrong_grid_size × 1, duplicate_piece × 1
Seedream 5.0 Flash: impossible_corner × 9, impossible_edge × 8, no_legal_completion × 6, duplicate_centers × 4, duplicate_piece × 1
GPT-Image-2.5 Sunburst: impossible_corner × 7, impossible_edge × 7, no_legal_completion × 6, duplicate_centers × 4, duplicate_piece × 4
HiDream O1: impossible_corner × 8, duplicate_centers × 6, impossible_edge × 5, no_legal_completion × 4, duplicate_piece × 3, off_shade_stickers × 2
FLUX.2 [dev]: duplicate_centers × 9, impossible_corner × 6, impossible_edge × 6, duplicate_piece × 3, off_shade_stickers × 2, no_legal_completion × 1
Kling IMAGE O3: impossible_corner × 5, impossible_edge × 5, no_legal_completion × 4, duplicate_centers × 3, duplicate_piece × 3, vision_low_confidence × 2, wrong_grid_size × 1
Kling IMAGE 3.0: impossible_corner × 6, impossible_edge × 5, no_legal_completion × 4, off_shade_stickers × 3, duplicate_centers × 3, duplicate_piece × 2, vision_low_confidence × 2, wrong_grid_size × 1
MOSS-Image: impossible_corner × 6, impossible_edge × 6, duplicate_piece × 4, no_legal_completion × 4, duplicate_centers × 4, wrong_grid_size × 1, no_extraction × 1, vision_low_confidence × 1
ERNIE-Image-Turbo: impossible_corner × 9, impossible_edge × 7, off_shade_stickers × 7, no_legal_completion × 5, duplicate_centers × 5, duplicate_piece × 4, too_many_colors × 2
ERNIE-Image: impossible_corner × 5, wrong_grid_size × 5, impossible_edge × 3, no_legal_completion × 3, duplicate_centers × 2, off_shade_stickers × 1
Z-Image: impossible_edge × 8, impossible_corner × 8, no_legal_completion × 5, duplicate_centers × 4, duplicate_piece × 2, off_shade_stickers × 1, vision_low_confidence × 1, cubies_out_of_place × 1, split_stickers × 1
Recraft V4.1: impossible_corner × 9, impossible_edge × 6, too_many_colors × 5, duplicate_centers × 4, no_legal_completion × 3, wrong_grid_size × 1, duplicate_piece × 1
MiniMax image-01: impossible_corner × 4, impossible_edge × 4, no_legal_completion × 3, wrong_grid_size × 3, off_shade_stickers × 3, vision_low_confidence × 2, duplicate_centers × 2
Seedream 5.0 Lite: impossible_corner × 6, impossible_edge × 6, no_legal_completion × 5, wrong_grid_size × 4, off_shade_stickers × 2, duplicate_piece × 2, duplicate_centers × 1
Ideogram 4.0: wrong_grid_size × 4, impossible_corner × 4, impossible_edge × 3, no_legal_completion × 2, duplicate_centers × 2, vision_low_confidence × 2, cubies_out_of_place × 1
Luma Photon: impossible_corner × 5, wrong_grid_size × 4, off_shade_stickers × 3, duplicate_centers × 3, impossible_edge × 3, duplicate_piece × 3, marked_stickers × 2, split_stickers × 2, too_many_colors × 2, no_legal_completion × 2, cubies_out_of_place × 1, standard_opposite_centers_adjacent × 1
Hunyuan Image 3.0: wrong_grid_size × 5, vision_low_confidence × 3, impossible_corner × 2, impossible_edge × 2, no_legal_completion × 2, duplicate_piece × 1, off_shade_stickers × 1
Stable Diffusion 3.5 Large: wrong_grid_size × 6, duplicate_piece × 2, impossible_corner × 2, impossible_edge × 2, duplicate_centers × 2, off_shade_stickers × 1, no_legal_completion × 1, vision_low_confidence × 1
Recraft V4.1 Flash: impossible_corner × 6, impossible_edge × 6, no_legal_completion × 5, wrong_grid_size × 2, off_shade_stickers × 2, vision_low_confidence × 2, too_many_colors × 1, duplicate_centers × 1, split_stickers × 1
Bria FIBO: wrong_grid_size × 8, duplicate_centers × 2, impossible_corner × 2, impossible_edge × 2
Z-Image-Turbo: impossible_corner × 8, impossible_edge × 7, duplicate_centers × 7, duplicate_piece × 2, no_legal_completion × 1, wrong_grid_size × 1, vision_low_confidence × 1
HiDream-I1 Full: wrong_grid_size × 4, vision_low_confidence × 4, off_shade_stickers × 2, impossible_corner × 2, impossible_edge × 2, no_extraction × 1, duplicate_centers × 1, duplicate_piece × 1, no_legal_completion × 1
FLUX 3 Image Klein: wrong_grid_size × 7, impossible_corner × 3, duplicate_centers × 2, duplicate_piece × 2, impossible_edge × 1, too_many_colors × 1, off_shade_stickers × 1

Checks

#	Check	Passes when	Decided when read
1	Cube detected	A cube-shaped object is found in the image.	–
2	Cube shape	Three faces form a consistent corner view of a cube.	a cube outline
3	3x3 grid	Every visible face has 3 columns and 3 rows of cubies.	three faces
4	Cubies in place	Every cubie sits where a real cube puts it: none sunk in, sticking out or deformed on its own. Found by posing an ideal cube to the image; a lone cell that is mostly not sticker color holds such a cubie.	the image read as a 3x3 cube
5	Plain stickers	Stickers carry no letters or other markings (a logo on a center is allowed).	the image read as a 3x3 cube
6	Single-colored stickers	No sticker shows two clearly different colors (a logo on a center is allowed; a split between neighbouring hues such as red and orange is not detected).	the image read as a 3x3 cube
7	At most six colors	No more than six distinct sticker colors. Fewer is allowed: every sticker of a color can sit on the three hidden faces, and the solver checks that the missing colors really fit there.	the image read as a 3x3 cube
8	One shade per color	On each face, all stickers of one color share a shade (no lime next to green). Real cubes stay within 3 degrees of hue; a sticker more than 15 degrees off is a second shade.	a 3x3 cube with confidently named colors
9	Standard palette	Every visible color is white, yellow, red, orange, green or blue.	a 3x3 cube with confidently named colors
10	Standard color pairs	No visible corner or edge combines colors that sit on opposite sides of a standard cube (white-yellow, red-orange, blue-green).	a 3x3 cube with confidently named colors
11	Scrambled	Looks like a random scramble: at least 15 of the 24 visible stickers differ from their face's center, and at most one face shows a symmetric pattern. Fewer than 1% of random scrambles fail this; a cube one move from solved, or a designed pattern, does.	a 3x3 cube with confidently named colors
12	Distinct centers	No two visible centers share a color.	a 3x3 cube with confidently named colors
13	Standard center order	Centers fit the standard scheme: standard colors, no opposite colors side by side, correct handedness.	a 3x3 cube with confidently named colors
14	Possible pieces	Every visible corner and edge is a real cubie under some color scheme. Without a scheme (e.g. two centers share a color) only pieces impossible under every scheme, such as one color twice, are known.	a 3x3 cube with confidently named colors
15	Unique pieces	No cubie is needed twice. Decided once every piece is possible, or when two pieces show the same colors.	a 3x3 cube with confidently named colors
16	Solvable	A legal, reachable cube state matches everything visible.	a 3x3 cube with confidently named colors
17	Solvable (standard)	A legal state matches using the standard color scheme.	a 3x3 cube with confidently named colors